The Deepening of Identity: How Leadership Affects Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Student Sexual Identity Development

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) students become engaged in a number of leadership opportunities that may have an effect on how they view their sexual orientation. This qualitative study asked lesbian, gay, and bisexual students their perceptions of how their non-LGBT leadership experiences affected their sexual identity. The data was analyzed using an interpretivist process seeking themes that might contribute to a better understanding of leadership identity development for LGB students. Emerging themes suggested a correlation between sexual identity development and leadership identity development

The Deepening of Identity: How Leadership Affects Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Student Sexual Identity Development

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) students become engaged in a number of leadership opportunities that may have an effect on how they view their sexual orientation. This qualitative study asked lesbian, gay, and bisexual students their perceptions of how their non-LGBT leadership experiences affected their sexual identity. The data was analyzed using an interpretivist process seeking themes that might contribute to a better understanding of leadership identity development for LGB students. Emerging themes suggested a correlation between sexual identity development and leadership identity development

Exploring the New Front of the Culture War: \u3ci\u3e1984, Oryx and Crake,\u3c/i\u3e and Cultural Hegemony

Dystopic fiction is defined by its depiction of oppressive societies with power structures that seek to exercise control on its citizens. Orwell’s classic 1984 depicts a society that is a reaction to World War II and totalitarian regimes. This society depicts elements of cultural hegemony that are altered during the move to postmodernism. Atwood’s Oryx and Crake evolved to reflect the political climate that grew out of the Cold War’s end, while retaining the cautionary messages regarding the state’s ability to control. Oryx and Crake can be seen as completely reversing the concern from centralized power to decentralized power (represented by multinational corporations beholden to no single government.) This phenomenon is indicative of the postmodern period and the onset of late capitalism as defined by cultural critic Fredrick Jameson. Using the theory of Jameson and other postmodern theorists, an exploration of the dystopic novels or Orwell and Atwood reveals how cultural hegemony has been implemented and altered from the modern to the postmodern

A Survey on the Preparation of Becoming a Nongraded Elementary School in the State of Washington

It was the purpose of this study (1) to review the literature regarding the organization of the nongraded elementary school; (2) to ascertain through the use of a questionnaire how the nongraded elementary schools have been organized in the State of Washington; and (3) to compare what the literature stated in organizing the nongraded school as to what was actually done in nongraded school systems in Washington State

A Broader View of Relevance

The question of the relevance of MIS research to practitioners is part of the broader question of the match between academic research goals and the goals of constituents. We call for a broader conception of who those constituents might be, and the implications that has for the activities of MIS academics

Synthetic APIs: Enabling Language Models to Act as Interlocutors Between Natural Language and Code

Large language models (LLMs) can synthesize code from natural language descriptions or by completing code in-context. In this paper, we consider the ability of LLMs to synthesize code, at inference time, for a novel API not in its training data, and specifically examine the impact of different API designs on this ability. We find that: 1) code examples in model training data seem to facilitate API use at inference time; 2) hallucination is the most common failure mode; and 3) the designs of both the novel API and the prompt affect performance. In light of these findings, we introduce the concept of a Synthetic API: an API designed to be used by LLMs instead of by humans. Synthetic APIs for LLMs offer the potential to further accelerate development of natural language interfaces to arbitrary tools and services

Applying Web Design Guidelines: How to Improve the Usability of Government Web Sites

The paper discusses the first phase in a research program that aims at forming a set of user-centered web design and usability guidelines that can be used to improve the usability of government web sites. This initial research will use the American National Standards Institute’s ANSI INCITS 354-2001 Common Industry Format for Usability Test Reports (formerly ANSI NCITS 354-2001) standard in its research framework, and similarly, the research will focus on three usability metrics (effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction) defined by that ANSI INCITS standard. As the preliminary goal, this research will form a set of web design and usability guidelines by using usability.gov as the major resource. In the following stage, the research will perform summative usability testing on the web site of the North Dakota Parks and Recreation Department (www.ndparks.com) to examine the effects of these determined web design and usability guidelines. As a result of analyzing the data collected through the summative usability testing, the research will determine which of the formed web design and usability guidelines have effective potential roles on users to achieve certain goals